Climatic significance of n-alkanes and their compound-specific dD values from lake surface sediments on the Southwestern Tibetan Plateau

The content and hydrogen isotope ratios of n-alkanes extracted from recent lake surface sediments sampled from nine lakes in three different climate zones on the Southwestern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed.Values were compared with n-alkanes in plants from lake drainages,and dD values of meteoric water,lake water,and mean annual precipitation.The results showed that n-C23was predominantly derived from aquatic plants,and n-C27–n-C33from terrestrial higher plants.The average carbon chain length of n-C27–n-C33(ACL27–33)was positively correlated with the mean annual precipitation.dD values of the long-chain n-alkanes n-C29and n-C31of terrestrial origin(varying between-214%and-169%,and-226%and-185%,respectively)were inversely correlated with mean annual precipitation;but in accordance with the average annual variations in dD(OIPC),dD values of n-C31were strongly related to the dD values of growing season meteoric water(R2=0.74).The large difference between dD values of n-C23of aquatic origin and n-C31(an average of about 27%)demonstrates the enrichment of the lake water dD compared to precipitation,caused by strong evaporation in the semiarid–arid areas of the southwestern Tibetan Plateau.Average value of en C25 31=p(-95%)is evidently higher than the value observed in European wet regions(-128%);besides,en C31(about-116%)is constant along the study transect(SD=9),which indicates that n-C31is a useful proxy for the environment.     

On design of physical random access channel in high-speed railway LTE systems

For the uplink in the long-term evolution （LTE） systems, the physical random access channel （PRACH） adopts Zadoff-Chu （ZC） sequences as preamble sequences, and each user can choose a unique cyclic shift for user identification. In high-mobility scenario, the Doppler fre- quency shift raises up the false alarm probability by inducing the correlation peak offsetting at the receiver side. Traditional detection method utilizes multiple search win- dows for searching the potential uplink users. When the Doppler frequency shift is larger than the subcarrier spac- ing, the energy of correlation peak leaks outside the search window and increases the false alarm probability. In this paper, we present a novel design for PRACH preamble sequence for high-speed railway scenario. Through numerical observation, we find out that the offset of the correlation peaks only depends on the initial root sequence number and the length of ZC sequences. Therefore, the root number of ZC sequences should be carefully designed to generate a preamble sequence to fight against the Doppler frequency shift. Consequently, those offsets of the corre- lation peaks are concentrated within a single search win- dow, resulting in lower complexity of detection and lower probability of false alarm for random access in LTE uplink.     

Opening of the Longmu Co–Shuanghu–Lancangjiang ocean:constraints from plagiogranites

This paper reports new zircon U-Pb ages,and Hf isotope and whole-rock major and trace element data for Cambrian plagiogranites from the Tuobeiling ophiolite in central Qiangtang,Tibetan Plateau.Zircon SIMS and LAICP-MS U-Pb dating of the plagiogranites yield weighted mean ages of 504.8±4.2 and 491.6±1.5 Ma,respectively.The zircons from plagiogranites exhibit positive eHf(t)values(ranging from 11.46 to 15.16),indicating that the plagiogranites are derived from depleted mantle.These plagiogranites are characterized by high SiO2and Na2O,low K2O,low REE contents,and flat REE distribution patterns.These rocks have geochemical compositions typical of oceanic plagiogranite and,considered along with their petrography and field relationships,are interpreted to have derived from anatexis of hydrated amphibolites by ductile shearing during transports of the oceanic crust.The formation age of such type of plagiogranite is slightly younger than that of the associated section of oceanic crust.Thus the new results from these plagiogranites suggest that the Longmu Co–Shuanghu–Lancangjiang ocean had probably opened before the Middle Cambrian.     

Influence of the amplitude ratio between two terahertz pulses on two-dimensional spectroscopy

The influence of the amplitude ratio between the two THz pulses on two-dimension THz spectroscopy （2DTS） has been studied theoretically via a classical method in which the expressions for the second-order nonlinearity were derived using perturbation approach, and the THz pulses were not treated as a delta function. Three types of nonlinear sources i.e., anharmonicity, nonlinear damping, and nonlinear coupling, are considered in a single mode system. The simulation results demonstrated that the amplitude ratio had a notable influence on the 2DTSs, and different sources have different influences. This study is promising for guiding future experiments.     

普通群体与近交群体的对比分析

对普通群体与近交群体的有关概念、性质、影响因素、基因型频率的动态趋势以及随机交配率与随机交配指数对基因型频率的影响进行分析.结果表明:普通交配与近交的概念不同;随机交配率与随机交配指数性质不同;普通群体3种基因型频率在世代间的动态逐渐趋于平衡,近交群体3种基因型频率的动态趋于近交系数等于1的状态;随机交配率与基因型频率呈曲线相关,近交系数与基因型频率呈直线相关.     

太行山猕猴跖骨性差

以39例成年太行山猕猴跖骨为标本(27雌,12雄),测量每根跖骨7个变量,采用SPSS 20.0进行数据分析,用7个跖骨变量建立逐步判别函数.选择性差最大的变量直接进行判别分析.结果表明,大部分变量性差显著(P<0.01),侧别差异很小.逐步判别分析选择出来的最好变量是跖骨长度.雄性判别率为78.6%⁹2.9%,雌性判别率为79.3%92.9%,雌性判别率为79.3%⁹3.1%,平均判别率为79.1%93.1%,平均判别率为79.1%⁹3.0%.交互检验比回代检验判别率略微低一些.结果显示用跖骨长度变量可以很好地鉴定性别.     

矿井瞬变电磁观测系统测网模拟

矿井瞬变电磁法在矿井中采集数据时候,受到现场巷道环境、空间影响,对于最终采集的数据有很大影响或干扰,如何利用矿井现场有限的空间采集多且有效的数据,笔者根据多年的矿井物探工作经验,总结出一套适用于矿井瞬变电磁观测网布置方法,利用不同的巷道采集多组数据,利用不同的巷道采集同一区域数据,最后综合分析提供准确结果。     

基于SE-DEA的山东省城市物流效率评价分析

山东省各地市经济基础不同,物流业的发展水平与效率也有较大差异,而这种差异会阻碍山东省经济的持续、协调、健康发展.以山东省17地市的物流业为研究对象,通过构建科学的物流效率指标评价体系,结合2012年山东省经济发展的相关数据,应用DEA和SE-DEA模型对各地市物流效率进行研究,并提出相应发展建议.     

二维双原子正方晶格振动的色散关系

利用晶格动力学理论推导了二维双原子正方晶格振动的色散关系表达式,得到第一布里渊区中沿Γ-X、Γ-M和X-M 3种对称方向的声子色散曲线,每一对称方向有四支格波,即两支声学波和两支光学波.讨论了原子质量和次近邻原子间作用对色散关系的影响,结果表明:当两原子质量相等时,3个对称方向的声学波与光学波间无频隙;当两原子质量不等时,声学波与光学波间出现频隙.计及次近邻原子间作用,对Γ点声子频率的大小和简并不影响,两声学模频率为零、两光学模频率简并;对X点声子频率的简并也无影响,但相应频率增大;使M点声子频率的简并度降低,高频声学和光学声子的频率增大,而低频声学和光学声子的频率不变;沿Γ-X方向四支格波仍是非简并的,对应的频率增大,但都表现出色散性;沿Γ-M和X-M方向简并格波的简并度消失,除Γ-M方向低频声学支和光学支频率不变之外,其他格波声子的频率都增大,并且四支格波都表现出色散性.     

基于遗传BP神经网络的区域物流需求预测

针对当前区域物流需求预测数据复杂且可变性较大、预测方法环境适应性较差的问题,提出了基于遗传BP神经网络的区域物流需求预测模型。首先,分析区域物流需求预测影响因素,并建立区域物流需求预测指标体系;其次,采用遗传算法优化预测网络中的可变参数,并建立多输入-多输出的BP神经网络多元预测模型;最后,通过实例结果表明该模型具有较高的预测精度和有效度。